Understanding FBI Criminal Records: Why Check Them and How to Obtain a Copy

What Are FBI Criminal Records?

FBI criminal records, often referred to as Identity History Summary Checks or “rap sheets,” are comprehensive documents maintained by the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division. These records compile an individual’s criminal history, including arrests, convictions, and other interactions with law enforcement that result in fingerprint submissions to the FBI. The records are stored in the FBI’s Central Records System (CRS), an electronic database that indexes investigative files, personnel records, and other agency documents. These records are primarily used for noncriminal justice purposes, such as background checks for employment, licensing, immigration, or personal review, and are distinct from general Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) or Privacy Act requests, which cover broader categories like investigative files or policy documents.

FBI criminal records are built from fingerprint-based data submitted by federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies. They include details such as the date of arrest, charges filed, and case dispositions (e.g., convictions, dismissals, or acquittals). However, they may not include every interaction with law enforcement, as some incidents may not involve fingerprinting or federal reporting. The accuracy and completeness of these records depend on the consistent submission and updating of information by contributing agencies, which can sometimes lead to errors or omissions.

Why Check Your FBI Criminal Record?

Checking your FBI criminal record is essential for several reasons, primarily to ensure its accuracy and completeness. Here are the key reasons why you should consider requesting a copy:

1. Ensuring Accuracy: Errors in criminal records, such as incorrect charges, outdated dispositions, or mistaken identities, can have serious consequences. For example, an inaccurate record might wrongly indicate an open case or a conviction that was expunged, potentially affecting employment or immigration prospects. Reviewing your record allows you to identify and correct such errors through the FBI’s record challenge process.
2. Completeness for Legal or Professional Purposes: Employers, licensing boards, or immigration authorities often require a complete criminal history for background checks. Accessing your FBI record ensures you know exactly what information is being reported and can address any discrepancies before they impact your opportunities.
3. Personal Awareness and Privacy: Understanding what information the FBI holds about you empowers you to protect your privacy and ensure that your record accurately reflects your history. This is particularly important for individuals who suspect they may have been investigated or flagged, even without formal charges.
4. Correcting Misinformation: If you were involved in an incident that was resolved without charges or convictions, such as an arrest that led to a dismissal, your record might still reflect the arrest. Checking your record allows you to request updates or corrections to ensure it reflects the final outcome.
5. Preventing Identity Theft or Fraud: In cases of identity theft, someone else’s criminal activity might mistakenly appear on your record. Regular checks can help you detect and resolve such issues promptly. For example, a Reddit user described a family member’s identity being stolen, leading to fraudulent activity appearing on their FBI record, which required correction.

Failing to verify your record could lead to unexpected issues, such as being denied a job, license, or visa due to inaccurate or incomplete information. Proactively checking your record ensures you’re prepared and can take corrective action if needed.

Step-by-Step Guide to Obtaining Your FBI Criminal Record

To obtain a copy of your FBI criminal record (Identity History Summary Check), follow these steps. Note that this process is distinct from a FOIA or Privacy Act request, which is used for other types of FBI records.

Step 1: Confirm You’re Requesting the Correct Record

• Ensure you’re seeking an Identity History Summary Check, not a FOIA/Privacy Act request for investigative or other records. Identity History Summary Checks are handled by the FBI’s CJIS Division in Clarksburg, West Virginia, not the Record/Information Dissemination Section (RIDS) for FOIA/Privacy Act requests.
• Contact The Davis Law Firm at 866-545-4867 if you have questions about the process or need clarification.

Step 2: Gather Required Information

• You’ll need to provide a complete set of fingerprints, as these records are fingerprint-based. Fingerprints can be taken at a local law enforcement agency, a private fingerprinting service, or an authorized FBI channeler (a private business approved to submit fingerprints to the FBI).
• Complete the FBI’s Applicant Information Form, available on the FBI’s CJIS website (https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/identity-history-summary-checks). This form requires personal details such as your full name, date of birth, and contact information.
• Prepare payment for the processing fee (currently $18 for a standard request, though fees may vary; check the FBI’s website for updates). Acceptable payment methods include credit card, money order, or certified check. Authorized FBI channelers may charge additional fees.

Step 3: Submit Your Fingerprint Card

• Obtain a standard fingerprint card (FD-258) from a local law enforcement agency, fingerprinting service, or by downloading it from the FBI’s website.
• Ensure your fingerprints are taken clearly and accurately, as poor-quality prints may delay processing or be rejected.
• Mail the completed fingerprint card, Applicant Information Form, and payment to: FBI CJIS Division – Summary Request1000 Custer Hollow Road Clarksburg, WV 26306
• Alternatively, use an FBI-approved channeler for faster electronic submission. A list of channelers is available on the FBI’s CJIS website.

Step 4: Wait for Processing

• Processing times vary but typically take 3–4 weeks for mailed submissions or faster (sometimes within days) for electronic submissions through a channeler.
• The FBI processes requests in the order received. You’ll receive a response with your Identity History Summary, a statement that no record was found, or a request for additional information if the fingerprints are unclear.

Step 5: Review the Record

• Once you receive your Identity History Summary, review it carefully for accuracy and completeness. Check for incorrect charges, missing dispositions, or any entries that don’t belong to you.
• The response will include details on the number of pages reviewed and any exemptions applied (e.g., if certain information was withheld under Privacy Act rules).

Step 6: Challenge or Correct Errors (If Necessary)

• If you find errors or incomplete information, you can challenge the record by contacting the FBI’s CJIS Division at (304) 625-5590 or by following the instructions provided with your summary.
• Provide supporting documentation, such as court records or expungement orders, to correct inaccuracies. The FBI will review your challenge and update the record if warranted.
• If you seek assistance in this process, contact The Davis Law Firm for further assistance.

Step 7: Check the Status (Optional)

• You can check the status of your request by contacting the CJIS Division at (304) 625-5590 or via email at [email protected].
• If you used an FBI channeler, they may provide status updates directly.

Additional Tips

• Use Electronic Submission for Faster Results: Electronic submissions through channelers are typically faster than mailed requests.
• Be Complete and Accurate: Ensure your fingerprints and personal information are complete and accurate to avoid delays or rejections.

Conclusion

FBI criminal records provide a detailed overview of an individual’s criminal history as reported to the FBI, making them critical for personal, professional, and legal purposes. Regularly checking your record ensures its accuracy, protects against errors or identity theft, and prepares you for background checks. By following the step-by-step guide above, you can efficiently obtain your Identity History Summary Check and take control of your personal information. For further assistance, contact the FBI’s CJIS Division or visit their official website for updated resources and guidance.